PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.